COMMENTARY U.S. Gov’t Shutdown: How Cameroon Could Be Affected and What to Do

By Hans Ngala

The United States government has gone into shutdown, the first in nearly seven years, international media have reported. According to the BBC: “This has happened because the Republicans and Democrats could not to come together and pass a bill, funding government services into October and beyond.
The Republicans control both chambers of Congress, but in the Senate – or upper chamber – they are short of the 60 votes they need to pass a spending bill.
Opposition Democrats, therefore, have some leverage.
Both sides have been in a bitter standoff over healthcare spending, and the Democrats have refused to back a Republican bill that they say will make it harder for Americans to afford healthcare.
They are calling for an extension of tax credits – which are set to expire – that make health insurance cheaper for millions of Americans, and for a reversal of cuts to Medicaid that have been made by Trump. Democrats also oppose spending cuts to government health agencies.
A stopgap bill was earlier passed in the House, or lower chamber, but is yet to clear the Senate.
And so, at 00:01 EDT on Wednesday (04:01 GMT), it became official: the US had its first shutdown for nearly seven years”.
A U.S. federal shutdown generally means non-essential federal operations are paused, agencies are furloughed or operate at reduced capacity, and many international programs tied to U.S. funding may be delayed or suspended.
The official Facebook page of the US Embassy in Yaounde, announced on October 1 that “Due to the lapse in appropriations, this Facebook account will not be updated regularly until full operations resume, with the exception of urgent safety and security information.”
It is unclear when the US government will fully resume its operations but the last shutdown in 2018 lasted 35 days.
While the exact effects depend on the duration of the shutdown and how the U.S. government chooses to prioritize “essential” vs “non-essential” spending, here are plausible channels of impact for Cameroon:

What is the Potential Impact of a US Gov’t Shutdown on Cameroon?

Foreign aid & development assistance

The U.S. is a significant donor to many African countries, including Cameroon. If programs administered via USAID or State Department are paused or delayed, projects in health, agriculture, education, governance, and infrastructure could see disruptions.
Health sector & disease programs

Many U.S.-funded programs support disease control (HIV, malaria, tuberculosis), vaccinations, maternal and child health, and public health surveillance. Disruptions could lead to interruptions in medication supply, lab services, or outreach efforts.

Humanitarian & NGO operations

NGOs and international organizations that rely on U.S. grants or contracts may face funding shortfalls or delays, which could reduce service delivery (food aid, nutrition, water & sanitation, emergency relief) in vulnerable communities.

Trade, export licensing, and regulatory services

U.S. government agencies such as the Department of Commerce, U.S. Customs, or export control offices might operate in limited capacity. This may slow export procedures, licensing, or other trade-related approvals with the U.S. market.

Diplomatic & consular services

Some diplomatic services or visa / consular operations could be slowed or have limited staffing, potentially affecting travel, visa processing, or consular support for Cameroonians.
Aid prioritization & shifts to other donors
Because of U.S. funding reductions or freezes, Cameroon may need to rely more on other bilateral or multilateral donors (EU, World Bank, China, African Development Bank) to fill gaps. |

It’s worth noting that the U.S. government has already taken steps earlier in 2025 to freeze or reassess foreign aid commitments. For example, Executive Order 14169 (signed January 20, 2025) paused many U.S. foreign aid programs for review, except for emergency life-saving programs. Also, some funding rescissions (i.e. amounting to cuts) have already been passed, affecting international assistance. So a shutdown compounds an already uncertain environment for aid flows.

Because of those prior uncertainties, the marginal effect of a short shutdown might be limited in some sectors, but for sensitive programs it could be significant.

What Cameroon’s government and civil society can do

Here are possible strategies and actions to help buffer the impact:

1. Prioritize and monitor critical programs Identify which health, education, or humanitarian programs are most vulnerable (especially those reliant on U.S. funding) and monitor them closely.
   Ensure buffer stocks (medicines, vaccines, supplies) are in place where possible to ride through short-term disruptions.
2. Engage donors and alternative funding sources Proactively engage other bilateral and multilateral donors (EU, AU, World Bank, African Development Bank, China, other foundations) to step in or scale up support.
   Encourage flexibility in donor contracts so that projects can be restructured or temporarily supported from alternate sources.
3. Strengthen local capacity and domestic funding Increase domestic budgetary allocation to essential sectors to reduce over-reliance on external aid.

• Build stronger capacity among local NGOs, civil society, and communities to deliver services autonomously.

1. Advocate & engage diplomatically The Cameroonian government (or regional blocs) can engage U.S. diplomatic missions to request that essential programs be classified as exempt or prioritized.
   Leverage existing relationships with U.S. agencies to ensure continuity of critical operations.
2. Plan for worst-case scenarios Prepare contingency plans for possible service interruptions (e.g., in health clinics, supply chains, NGO operations).
   Communicate transparently with communities likely to be affected (e.g. patients, schools, vulnerable populations) about potential disruptions and alternative arrangements.
3. Track the duration and scale of shutdown The longer the U.S. shutdown lasts, the more severe the knock-on effects. Distinguish between short-term (days/weeks) vs prolonged (months) shutdown impact.
   Use real-time data to revise mitigation plans as the situation evolves.
4. Foster resilience in supply chains Diversify import sources for essential goods (medical supplies, agricultural inputs) so they are not overly dependent on U.S. channels.
   Improve regional procurement mechanisms (e.g. via ECOWAS, CEMAC, Africa-wide procurement pools) to reduce vulnerability to external shocks.